An Historical Account of English Money, 3rd Edition
Stephen Martin Leake, Esq, 1793
Anne

Queen Anne, A.D. 1701-2.

The money of queen Anne, from a Penny to a Crown, has her Majesty's bust looking to the right, bareheaded, her hair bound with a fillet, and tied up behind; ANNA. DEI. GRATIA. Reverse, MAG. BRI. FR. ET. HIB. REG. 1702. The Groat, Threepence, Twopence, and Penny, have as many numerals as they contain Pence under a crown on the reverse; the larger Pieces have the four shields of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, crosswise in the circular order, with the star of the garter in the centre. the Shilling and Sixpence grained upon the rim, the Crown and Half Crown with the usual inscription, DECVS. ET. TVTAMEN. ANNO. REGNI. TERTIO.

The Crown, Half Crown, Shilling, and Sixpence of 1703, coined out of the silver taken in the galleons at Vigo, for the honour of the nation, as well ast to perpetuate the memory of the action, has the name VIGO. under the Queen's head.

The money coined of the Welch silver, has the Prince of Wales's device in the quarters of the reverse. Others have the rose and Prince's device alternately in the quarters, commonly called [Thoresby, No 639.] Quakers Money, some of that denomination being supposed to be proprietors of the Mines.

Upon the union of the two kingdoms of England and Scotland, the arms being alterd, the same was observed upon all the Money coined afterwards, the arms of England and Scotland being impaled in the first and bottom sields, France in the sinister, and Ireland in the dexter, according to this left handed rotation, which, however irregular and absurd, has prevailed ever since the first milled Money.

The Guineas, Half Guineas, Double Guineas, and Five Pound Pieces, are all alike, bearing the same stamp as the silver Money, with the addition of the sceptres upon the reverse. There is a Five Pound Piece of the Vigo gold, with the word VIGO. under the head.

There was likewise some few copper Halfpence and Farthings coined. The Halfpenny has her Majesty's bust like the silver Money, only upon these her hair is gathered up behind, without a fillet, ANNA. D. G. MAG. BR. FR. ET. HIB. REG. Reverse, the figure of Britannia, with the crown over her head.

The Farthing has her bust like the Halfpenny, only her hair is tied with a fillet of pearl, the ends hanging down behind; ANNA. DEI. GRATIA. Reverse, Britannia, BRITANNIA. 1713. Another of 1714. has the date in the exergue.

Her Scotch Ten Shilling Piece has 10 under her Majesty's head looking to the right, like her English Money, ANNA. DEI. GRATIA. Reverse, the royal arms under the crown, MAG. BRIT. FRA. ET. HIB. REG. 1705.

The Five Shilling Piece has 5 under the head, ANNA. D. G. MAG. BR. FR. & HIB. R. Reverse, the thistle with three heads, under the crown, NEMO. ME. IMPVNE. LACESSET. 1705. or 1706. Both these have graining upon the rim.

By the articles of union [St. 6 Annae, ch. 8. Article 15, 16.] with Scotland in 1707, the Coin was to be of the same standard and value, thoughout the united kingdom, as was then in England, and the loss thereby to private persons, was to be made good out of the equivalent Money granted to Scotland, and a mint was to be continued there, under the same rules as the mint in England. To support the charge [St. 7 Annae, c. 24, sect. 3.] of which mint in Scotland, one thousand two hundred Pounds was appropriated by the parliament, to be paid yearly out of the coinage duty. Accourdingly, upon the union, Crowns, Half Crowns, Shillings, and Sixpences were coined at Edinburgh, of the same stamp as those coined in the London mint, but having an E. for Edinburgh under the head.

The gold and silver coined in this reign [Phillip's State of the Nation, 8vo. Lond, 1726, p. 55.] is thus computed:

	lb.	lb.
1701	26742	37477
1702	3642	114
1703	34	718
1704		4007
1705	104	429
1706	537	932
1707	607	1174
1708	1010	3751
1709	2468	25423
1710	3716	817
1711	9324	24768
1712	2855	1784
1713	13137	2333
1714	29526	1566
	lb. 93702	105293 lb

Queen Anne coined [Irish Hist. lib. p 175.] no sort of Money for Ireland, nor was any Money coined there; but we have copper Money of the Isle of Man, coined by the Earl of Derby Lord of Man, as Sovereign of that island. They are about the size of Halfpence and Farthings, but current there for Pence and Halfpence, having on one side the arms of the island, being three legs cojoined at the thigh, and flexed in triangle, with this motto, QVOCVNQVE. GESSERIS. STABIT. the true meaning of which, as a writer [Waldron's Works, fol. Lond. 1731, p. 183.] informs us, is, That carry it where you will, it will not go or pass; but that the natives foolishly apply it to the posture of the feet. However foolish this application may seem to be, it is certainly the true one, if the legend has any relation to the legs, which are the arms of man, and allusive to the situation of the island, being equidistant from the three kingdoms, which are indeed the legs that support it; and for that reason they were assumed, instead of the ancient arms which was a ship. Reverse, is the eagle and child, the crest of the house of Stanley, with the motto, SANS. CAANOER. alluding to their unshapen loyalty. Exergue 1709. Formerly the Manks Money was leather [Waldron's Works, fol. Lond. 1731, p. 183.], which every man of substance was entitled to make, not exceeding a certain quantity limited by law, having no impression but the maker's name, and the date of the year; but the Money lately current there, was Pence and Halfpence of a base mixed metal, bearing the same stamp as the copper ones before-mentioned.

In this reign some regulations were first made with regard to the currency of Money in the plantations in America, to prevent the inconvenience from the different rates of foreign Money of the same species in different places, and thereby draining the Money from one plantation to another. For this end the foreign Coins having been assayed at the mint, and their true value ascertained, a proclamation [St. 6 Annae, ch. 30.] was issued the eighteenth of June 1704, directing, that no Sevil, Pillar, or Mexico Piece of Eight, though the full weight of seventeen pennyweights and an half, should be received, or paid, for more than six Shillings the Piece current Money, and lesser Pieces in proportion; and all Pieces of Eight of Peru, Dollars, and other foreign species of silver-Coins, according to their weight and fineness, in the same proportion. But the same indirect practices still carried on, the proclamation was afterwards enforced by an act of parliament, inflicting ten Pounds penalty, and six months imprisonment upon offenders, after the first day of May 1709: but not compelling any person to take them, or restraining her Majesty from altering the rates by proclamation, as she should see proper.